I believe the number of poles of this kind of motor is 2 so you should try setting that, though I think VFDs only use that information for the RPM output.
Also from memory I think my 1.5KW spindle had 8A printed on the side of it so you might want to double check that yours should be that as it seems a bit load.
Here's the manual for your VFD if you don't already have it:
http://www.gebhardt.se/upload/dok/pd...nstruction.pdf
You should monitor the current reading on the VFD while the spindle's under full load to make sure that it isn't being limited by the inverter for whatever reason. (D002)
You should also monitor the output voltage (D013) and the temperature of the VFD under load. (D018)
The base frequency should be 100Hz (A003) (I'm also assuming the minimum 6,000RPM limit that is used for the air cooled motors, just in case.) and the maximum frequency should be 400Hz. (A004) If you don't set the base frequency to that, you won't have full torque throughout the speed range. (6,000RPM -> 24,000RPM)
The VFD does have a torque boost option, but I believe this is only for speed which are below the base frequency.
You can set the frequency upper (A061) and lower (A062) limits to 400Hz and 100Hz as well to ensure the motor stays within its safe range.
You should also check the temperature of the motor under load as the VFD has thermal overload prevention of both the VFD and the motor - It uses the winding characteristics to measure the motors temperature. This may be linked to the bearing problems you were also having if the motors are overheating. If the VFD detects overheating, it may reduce the torque to cool it.
Hope that helps you find your problems.